Laser engraving

The laser engraving is a method of surface treatment using a high-energy laser beam for marking, marking or decoration of objects. The contactless method is characterized by high automation, durability and flexibility.
The laser marking scores through versatile applications and is therefore very popular across the industry. engravings can be applied to many different materials and prove to be particularly durable and durable. Typical application areas are, for example, the production of type plates or the numbering of individual parts in series production.

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Laser marking system from Lasertechnik Thoma

Laser marking system from Lasertechnik Thoma

Technical foundations for laser engraving

The principle of laser engraving is based on the transfer of high-energy radiation to a surface in order to permanently change or mark it. The method is to be delimited by the laser print in which the labeled material itself is not changed.

The precise method of laser engraving depends primarily on the type of material to be engraved. A typical laser for the engraving of surfaces is the carbon dioxide laser, which is also referred to as CO laser or carbon dioxide laser. This is based on the excitation of CO and N molecules in a resonator and reaches output powers of up to 80 kW. The carbon dioxide laser generates an infrared beam in a specific wavelength range and enjoys great popularity in industry due to its cost-effective and efficient application.

Laser engraving at Gebr. Hollow GmbH

Laser engraving at Gebr. Hollow GmbH

Which variants are there?

The technical procedure for laser engraving depends to a large extent on the type of material to be engraved. In principle, it is possible to distinguish between the following variants of the processing method:

  • Engraving by color removal:
    A particularly efficient variant of the laser engraving is the color removal. The object to be labeled is first provided with a coating. This coating is then removed in a targeted manner by the effect of the laser, so that the desired symbol or the label is produced. Typical application examples for laser-assisted color removal are translucent plastics in automotive construction or the labelling of packaging using metal-coated paper labels.
  • Start-up labeling:
    If metallic materials are to be labeled or labeled by laser engraving, the start marking is usually used. The high-energy radiation of the laser activates oxidation processes on the surface of the metal, as a result of which a brownish coloration becomes visible on the surface of the metal. It should be ensured that oxygen is fed to the process in order to allow oxidation.
  • Laser depth engraving:
    In engravings with greater depth, the laser depth engraving is mentioned. The material – usually a metal – is partially liquefied with the aid of the laser or transferred to the gaseous state and discharged directly. Usually, the laser is directed to the location several times under different directions of movement in order to achieve the desired result. Typical engravings are, for example, stamps or embossments.
Laser depth engraving company Laser-Behr

Laser depth engraving company Laser-Behr

  • Glass engraving
    The carbon dioxide laser is especially suitable for the engraving of glasses, since its radiation is excellently absorbed by glass. Thus, not only glasses for decoration or marking purposes can be engraved with this method, but also halogen incandescent lamps can be welded or pinned in order to pinch ampoules in the pharmaceutical industry. Pulsed Nd:YAG lasers are used in the inner glass engraving. Its steel penetrates into the interior of the glass component and can even engrave three-dimensional structures there.

Which materials can be processed by laser engraving?

The engraving using a laser can be used for processing various materials. These include:

  • Metals
  • Plastics
  • Wood
  • Acrylic glass
  • Plexiglas
  • Paper
  • Cardboard
  • Leather
Laser engraving on glass - company Lasergravur Dieter Reuter

Laser engraving on glass - company Lasergravur Dieter Reuter

The laser engraving in organic materials such as wood, cardboard, paper or leather differs from other processes in that the engraving of the surface is achieved by heat-related chemical conversion reactions.

What are typical applications for laser engraving?

Laser engraving is used for the production or labelling of various products. The most important applications are:

  • Numbering of individual parts in series production
  • Attach machine-readable QR codes
  • Printing of durability data
  • Identification of tablets
  • engraving of jewelry
  • Three-dimensional engravings in glass
  • Production of stamps or embossing tools
  • Labeling of signs
Laser marking by Gebr. Hollow GmbH

Laser marking by Gebr. Hollow GmbH

QR-code laser marking from Gebr. Hollow GmbH

QR-code laser marking from Gebr. Hollow GmbH

Laser engraving company Laser-Behr

Laser engraving company Laser-Behr

Find companies for Lasergravur

At Techpilot, Europe's largest platform for drawing parts, you will find numerous Laser Engraving . The extensive supplier database includes various specialized companies that can mark your parts laser-engraving, laser marking or . Most of these contractors also offer other technologies such as Laser cutting or complete machining, so that you can finish your parts by just one company.

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Examples of jobs in the Techpilot marketplace

Complete machining with laser engraving

Complete machining with laser engraving

Laser engraving request on focus tube

Laser engraving request on focus tube

Laser cutting and laser engraving

Laser cutting and laser engraving

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