Sand blasting
The sandblasting is one of the processes of surface treatment and is mainly used for removing rust, soiling, colour residues and other impurities. In the method, a blasting agent is thrown at high speed onto the surface to be treated.
Sandblasting enjoys great popularity in the metalworking industry and in construction. On the one hand, the method can be used for efficient removal of impurities and for the preparation of surfaces, but on the other hand also serves for the production of optical effects such as, for example, the matting of glass or stone surfaces.
How does sandblasting work?
Depending on the desired surface effect, a plurality of different blasting systems are used today for sand blasting. However, the basic procedure is comparable with the different beam techniques: A blasting agent, for example corundum, pomegranate sand, glass beads or plastic, is placed under high pressure using a suitable device. Sand jet systems usually operate with auxiliary means such as compressed air, steam or press water to accelerate the blasting agent. The blasting agent is pressed through the pressure through a jet nozzle and is thereby thrown at high speed onto the surface to be treated.
Sandblasting plant from Kaupp GmbH
The pressure and speed levels always depend on the type of blasting medium, the material, and the desired surface effect. In practice, speeds range from 20 to 300 meters per second. Peak values can approach the speed of sound and are achieved by using compressed air with a blasting nozzle.
The abrasive effect of the blasting agent results in undesirable particles being detached from the surface of the workpiece and removed. Following the processing, the blasting agent is either disposed of or processed in a circuit and recycled. Sandblasting devices can be equipped with filter systems to suck off the dusts produced in the process.
Sandblasting cabin of the company Gebr. Hollow GmbH
What areas of application are there?
The sandblasting used to be mainly used for cleaning components, but has continuously evolved over the years through new techniques and today offers a wide range of applications. Key applications include:
- Refining: Removal of impurities in machinery, engines, plants, containers or forms in industry. Cleaning of facades, masonry and works in construction.
- Surface treatment: To optimize the adhesion of paints or alloys.
- Microsand rays: For the structuring of glass plates used in microsystem technology.
- Decoration: Finishing or ornamental on surfaces.
- Compression: Compression beams to avoid hair cracks and to extend the service life.
- Derust: Remove grate attachments on steel structures.
In addition to these applications, sandblasting is also used in the textile industry to achieve an optical removal effect. This method is controversial and prohibited in some countries, as the quartz-containing dust can lead to silicosis in the case of inhalation.
Sandblasting at VDL ETG Switzerland AG
Which systems are used for sand blasting?
Depending on the desired effect of the surface treatment, various blasting systems with different techniques are used in industry, construction and the DIY sector. Typical sandblasting facilities include:
- Sandblasting blowers: Sandblasting blowers are usually designed as a freestanding jet cabin and allow manual machining of workpieces.
- Sandjet gun: The sand jet or injector jet gun sucks the blasting agent out of pressureless containers and then throws it onto the surface in a precise spot.
- Baker gun: The beaker gun also operates according to the injector principle and is used primarily in the DIY sector.
- Sliding wheel–through-beam: This blasting system is suitable for series production and is mainly used for the treatment of sheet metal or profile steel.
Sterr & Eder Industrieservice GmbH continuous blasting plant
Which abrasives are used in sand blasting?
Although the term sand blasting is still very common today, the method does not describe the method sufficiently precisely because of the plurality of blasting means used. Thus, in most applications of sandblasting, no pure sand is used today, but another blasting agent is used. When selecting the blasting agent, it is necessary to take into account the contour, nature and graining of the material in order to achieve the desired effect. Common blasting agents include:
- Quartz sand
- Corundum
- Granate sand
- Plastic
- Glass beads
- Dry ice (dry ice rays)
- Hard casting
- Slag blasting
Glass bead-blasted part of the company Lauble GmbH
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